| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Tigriopus californicus ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Tigriopus californicus
''Tigriopus californicus'' is an intertidal copepod species that occurs on the Pacific coast of North America. This species has been the subject of numerous scientific studies on subjects ranging from ecology and evolution to neurobiology.
== Ecology and environment ==
Found from central Baja California, Mexico to Alaska, USA along the Pacific coast of North America, ''T. californicus'' inhabits splash pools in rocky intertidal habitat. ''T. californicus'' is limited to pools in the upper end of the intertidal apparently by predation,〔Dethier, M. F. 1980 () Tidepools as refuges: Predation and the limits of the harpacticoid copepod ''Tigriopus californicus'' (Baker) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Volume 42, Issue 2, 22 January 1980, Pages 99-111.〕 but it can reach quite high population densities in this habitat. One study found that population densities on Vancouver Island averaged about 800 copepods per liter with some dense pools having as many as 20,000 copepods per liter.〔Powlik. J. F. 1998 () Seasonal Abundance and Population Flux of ''Tigriopus californicus'' (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) in Barkley Sound, British Columbia. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK. 78, 467-481.〕
These splash pools are often isolated from the moderating influence of the ocean and therefore the pools can vary dramatically in environmental factors such as salinity and temperature over the course of hours or days. ''T. californicus'' has the ability to thrive under these variable environmental conditions (factors that limit predators such as fish to lower pools in the intertidal zone).〔 Temperature in the pools that this copepod inhabits tend to track air temperatures more closely than ocean temperatures and salinities in pools can change as pools evaporate, receive freshwater inputs from rain, or saltwater from wave actions.
The ability of ''T. californicus'' to handle extreme high temperatures varies among populations with southern California populations able to handle higher temperatures than those further north.〔Willett 2010 () Potential fitness tradeoffs for thermal tolerance in the intertidal copepod ''Tigriopus californicus''. Evolution 64: 2521-2534.〕 This pattern of higher thermal tolerance in southern populations mirrors the temperature variation seen in copepod pools with southern populations experiencing more extreme high temperatures (over on occasion).〔Kelly, M. W., E. Sanford, and R. K. Grosberg () Limited potential for adaptation to climate change in a broadly distributed marine crustacean. Proc. R. Soc. B. 2012 279 1727 349-356doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.0542〕 The genetic basis of this potential thermal adaptation has been studied by looking at genome-wide studies of gene expression and this study showed that differential expression of ''Hsp70'' genes and a number of other genes could contribute to differences in thermal tolerance between these populations.〔Schoville, S. D., Barreto, F. S., Moy, G. W., Wolff, A. & Burton, R. S. (2012). () Investigating the molecular basis of local adaptation to thermal stress: population differences in gene expression across the transcriptome of the copepod ''Tigriopus californicus'', BMC Evolutionary Biology, 12:170.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Tigriopus californicus」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|